Alloy Information and Specs
304 Stainless Steel
304/304L stainless steel bar, also known as UNS S30403 and Grade 304/304L, is the low carbon content version of Type 304 generally preferred because it is the "free machining" version. Grade 304/304L exhibits good combination of strength, corrosion resistance and fabricibility making it ideal for almost all industries. Cold working will increase both the hardness and strength, and it does not respond to heat treatment.
316 Stainless Steel-316 stainless steel bar, also known as UNS S31600 and Grade 316, is an austenitic stainless steel whose major alloying elements include chromium, nickel and molybdenum. The addition of molybdenum (not found in Stainless Steel 304) is the component which gives Stainless Steel 316 increased resistance in highly corrosive surroundings such as salt water or chloride environments.
| C | CR | Mn | Ni | P | S | Si |
| MAX | | MAX | | MAX | MAX | MAX |
| 0.035 | 18.0-20.0 | 2.0 | 8.0-13.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 |
Tensile = 70,000 PSI | Yield = 25,000 PSI
Industries
- Chemical
- Marine
- Mining
- Petroleum
- Pharmaceutical
- Pulp and Paper
- Water filtration
316 Stainless Steel
316 Stainless Steel-316 stainless steel bar, also known as UNS S31600 and Grade 316, is an austenitic stainless steel whose major alloying elements include chromium, nickel and molybdenum. The addition of molybdenum (not found in Stainless Steel 304) is the component which gives Stainless Steel 316 increased resistance in highly corrosive surroundings such as salt water or chloride environments.
| C | CR | Mn | Ni | P | S | Si |
| MAX | | MAX | | MAX | MAX | MAX |
| 0.035 | 16.0-18.0 | 2.0 | 10.0-14.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 |
Tensile = 70,000 PSI | Yield = 25,000 PSI
Industries
- Chemical
- Marine
- Mining
- Petroleum
- Pharmaceutical
- Pulp and Paper
- Water filtration
321 Stainless Steel
321 stainless steel bar, also known as UNS S32100 and Grade 321, is primarily comprised of chromium, nickel, silicon, manganese, traces of phosphorus and sulfur, titanium. With regards to corrosion resistance, 321 is equivalent to Grade 304 in the annealed condition and is superior if the application involves service in the 797° to 1652° F range. Grade 321 combines high strength, resistance to scaling and phase stability with resistance to subsequent aqueous corrosion.
| C | Cr | Mn | Ni | P | S | Si | Ti |
| MAX | | MAX | | MAX | MAX | MAX | MAX |
| 0.08 | 17.0-19.0 | 2.0 | 9.0-12.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 0.70 |
Tensile = 75,000 PSI | Yield = 25,000 PSI
Industries
347 Stainless Steel
347 stainless steel bar, also known as UNS S34700 and Grade 347, is an austenitic stainless steel. Grade 347 is advantageous for high temperature service because of its good mechanical properties. It is similar to Grade 321 with respect to intergranular corrosion which is achieved through the use of columbium as a stabilizing element to maximize this feature. Grade 347 cannot be hardened through heat treating, but elevated properties may be obtained through cold reduction.
| C | Co | Cr | Mn | Ni | P | S | Si | Nb |
| MAX | | | MAX | | MAX | MAX | MAX | MAX |
| 0.08 | Trace | 17.0-19.0 | 2.0 | 9.0-13.0 | 0.045 | 0.030 | 1.00 | 1.10 |
Tensile = 75,000 PSI | Yield = 25,000 PSI
Industries
Duplex 2205® Material
Duplex-UNS S31803 and UNS S32205 are commonly referred to as Duplex 2205® material, whose "Duplex" name is derived from the mixed microstructure which contains about equal portions of ferrite and austenite. Developed more than 70 years ago precisely for the sulfite paper industry where the Duplex's were used to combat corrosion problems caused by chloride-bearing cooling waters and other aggressive chemical products. Since then there have been advancements in the composition such as the deliberate addition of nitrogen as an alloying agent, which afterwards quickly made Duplex the "workhorse" of stainless steels.
Generally, UNS S31803 has been solely designated to the Duplex 2205® grade. More recently, it has been available complying with the higher corrosion resistant composition UNS S32205. The only difference in the UNS numbers is that UNS S32205 contains a higher nitrogen content which guarantees better corrosion resistance. Benefits of Duplex include: good weldability and workability, high resistance to corrosion fatigue, stress corrosion cracking (especially chloride stress corrosion cracking), erosion, and high energy absorption.
| C | Cr | Fe | Mn | M0 | N | Ni | P | S | Si |
| MAX | | | MAX | | | | MAX | MAX | MAX |
| 0.030 | 21.0-23.0 | balance | 2.0 | 2.5-3.5 | .08-0.20 | 4.5-6.5 | 0.030 | 0.020 | 1.00 |
Tensile = 90,000 PSI | Yield = 65,000 PSI
Industries
- Chemical
- Desalination
- Oil and Gas extraction
- Pulp and Paper
- Petrochemical
Super Duplex 2507®
UNS S32750, commonly known as Super Duplex 2507®, is very similar to UNS S31803 Duplex. The difference between the two is the contents of chromium and nitrogen are higher in the Super Duplex Grade which in turn creates higher corrosion resistance as well as a longer lifespan. Super Duplex is composed of between 24% to 26% chromium, 6% to 8% nickel, 3% molybdenum, and 1.2% manganese, with the balance being iron. Also found in Super Duplex are trace amounts of carbon, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nitrogen, and copper. Benefits include: good weldability and workability, a high level of thermal conductivity and low coefficient of thermal expansion, high resistance to corrosion, fatigue, high resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion, high resistance to stress corrosion cracking (especially chloride stress corrosion cracking), high energy absorption, high strength, and erosion.
| C | Cr | Fe | Mn | M0 | N | Ni | P | S | Si |
| MAX | | | MAX | | | | MAX | MAX | MAX |
| 0.030 | 24.0-26.0 | balance | 1.20 | 3.0-5.0 | .24-.32 | 6.5-8.0 | 0.035 | 0.020 | .80 |
Tensile = 116,000 PSI | Yield = 80,000 PSI
Industries
- Chemical
- Marine
- Oil and Gas production
- Petrochemical
- Power
- Pulp and Paper
- Water desalinization
904L Stainless Steel
904L Stainless Steel is a fully austenitic low-carbon variety of stainless steel with additives of molybdenum and copper. Its high nickel and chromium content make it corrosion resistant in both oxidizing and reducing environments. The copper and molybdenum help to make it resistant to pitting as well as crevice corrosion. The nickel content makes it resistant to chloride SCC and the low proportion of carbon makes it resistant to intergranular corrosion. It is considered especially well-suited to handling sulfuric acid and phosphoric acid, though at high temperatures it may be subject to stress corrosion cracking.[1] 904L stainless steel is also known as UNS N08904,
It has applications in piping systems, pollution control equipment, heat exchanges, and bleaching systems. This special grade of stainless steel also finds its application where strong reducing acids are used. [3] Stainless Steel 904L is known to contain expensive ingredients such as nickel and molybdenum.
| C | Cr | Cu | Mn | Mo | Ni | P | S | Si |
| MAX | | | MAX | | | MAX | MAX | MAX |
| 0.020 | 19.0-23.0 | 1.0-2.0 | 2.0 | 4.0-5.0 | 23.0-28.0 | 0.045 | 0.035 | 1.0 |
Tensile = 70,000 PSI | Yield = 25,000 PSI
Industries
- Petrochemical
- Pulp and Paper
Alloy 400
Nickel Alloy 400 and Monel® 400, also known as UNS N04400, is a ductile, nickel-copper based alloy comprised essentially of two-thirds nickel and one third copper. Nickel Alloy 400 is known for resistance to a variety of corrosive conditions, including alkalies, acid like substances, saltwater, hydrofluoric acid and sulfuric acid. Other advantages of using this alloy are its toughness and high strength over a broad temperature range; it can also be manipulated to become magnetic if desired.
| C | Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni | S | Si |
| MAX | | MAX | MAX | MIN | MAX | MAX |
| 0.30 | 28-34 | 2.5 | 2.0 | 63 | 0.024 | 0.50 |
Tensile = 70,000 PSI | Yield = 25,000 PSI
Industries
Alloy 600 Inconel®
UNS N06600 Alloy 600 is a nickel-chromium-iron, solid solution strengthened alloy used for applications that require corrosion and high temperature resistance. Service temperatures for Alloy 600 can be from cryogenic to 2000°F.
| C | Cr | Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni | S | Si |
| MAX | | MAX | | MAX | MIN | MAX | MAX |
| 0.15 | 14.0-17.0 | 0.50 | 6.0-10.0 | 1.00 | 72.0 | 0.015 | 0.50 |
Tensile = 80,000-100,000 PSI | Yield = 30,000-50,000 PSI
Industries
- Aerospace
- Chemical
- Pulp and Paper
601 Inconel®
UNS06601-Inconel® 601 is a nickel-chromium alloy, that is highly resistant to oxidation through 2200°F. 601 alloy develops a tightly adherent oxide scale which resists spalling even under severe thermal cycling. The alloy has good high temperature strength, and retains its ductility after long service exposure. 601 alloy has good hot corrosion resistance under oxidizing conditions. 601 alloy is not suggested for use in strongly reducing, sulfur bearing environments.
| Al | C | Cr | Fe | Mn | Ni | S | Si |
| MAX | | | MAX | MIN | MAX | MAX |
| 1.0-1.7 | 0.10 | 21.0-25.0 | balance | 1.00 | 58.0-63.0 | 0.015 | 1.00 |
Tensile = 80,000 PSI | Yield = 30,000 PSI
718 Inconel®
Nickel Alloy 718, commonly known as UNS N07718, is a precipitation hardening nickel-chromium alloy containing significant amounts of iron, columbium, and molybdenum, along with lesser amounts of aluminum and titanium.
Nickel Alloy 718 maintains high strength and good ductility and oxidation resistance up to high temperatures; conversely it has outstanding cryogenic properties. An example of these combined characteristics used in one application can be seen in the aerospace industry. Nickel Alloy 718 provides vital strength aircrafts require, it can withstand both the intense heat of the afterburners and the freezing temperatures experienced at high altitude.
| Al | C | Cr | Fe | Mn | Mo | Ni | Si | Nb | Ti |
| MAX | | | MAX | MIN | MAX | MAX | | |
| 0.2-0.8 | 0.08 | 17.0-21.0 | balance | 1.00 | 2.8-3.3 | 50.0-55.0 | 0.35 | 4.75-5.50 | 0.65-1.11 |
Tensile = 185,000 PSI | Yield = 150,000 PSI
Industries
- Aerospace
- Chemical processing
- Oil and Gas
Incoloy® 800H/HT
Alloy 800H/800HT (UNS N08810 & N08811 are solid solution strengthened, iron- nickel-chromium alloys, typically offered as one, dual certified alloy meeting the elemental requirements of both alloys. The principle difference between alloy 800H and 800HT® material is the restricted aluminum and titanium content in 800HT®, which results in higher creep and stress rupture properties. The alloy is typically used for applications involving long-term exposure to high-temperatures where resistance is needed from oxidation, carburization and other types of high-temperature corrosion. Hydrocarbon processing, and power generation are some of the most common applications where 800H & 800HT® is utilized.
| Al | C | Cr | Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni | S | Si | Ti |
| MAX | | | MIN | | | MAX | MAX | |
| .15-.60 | .05-.10 | 19.0-23.0 | 0.75 | 9.5 | 1.5 | 30.0-35.0 | .0015 | | .15-.60 |
Tensile = 65,000 PSI | Yield = 25,000 PSI
Industries
Incoloy® 825
UNS NO8825Incoloy® 825 is a nickel-iron- chromium alloy with titanium, copper, and molybdenum. Incoloy® 825's chemical composition provides great resistance to many corrosive environments, such as pitting, crevice corrosion, intergranular corrosion, and stress- corrosion cracking. Incoloy® 825 has good mechanical properties from moderate to high temperatures. The hot- working range for Incoloy® 825 is 1600 to 2150º F. The material has good weldability for all conventional processes.
| Al | C | Cr | Cu | Fe | Mo | Ni | S | Si | Ti |
| MAX | MAX | | | MIN | | | MAX | MAX | |
| 0.20 | 0.05 | 19.5-23.5 | 1.50-3.0 | 22.0 | 2.5-3.5 | 38.0-46.0 | 0.03 | 0.50 | .6-1.2 |
Tensile = 85,000 PSI | Yield = 35,000 PSI
A106 Carbon Steel
Seamless carbon steel nominal wall pipe for high-temperature service, suitable for bending, flanging and similar forming operations. 1-1/2" NPS and under may be either hot finished or cold drawn. 2" NPS and larger shall be hot finished unless otherwise specified. Surface finish is outlined in the specification.
| Grade | C | Cr | Cu | Mn | Mo | Ni | P | S | Si | V |
| A | 0.25 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.27-1.35 | 0.15 | 0.40 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.10 | 0.08 |
| B | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.29-1.65 | 0.15 | 0.40 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.10 | 0.08 |
| C | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.40 | 0.29-1.65 | 0.15 | 0.40 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.10 | 0.08 |
A - Tensile = 40,000 PSI | Yield = 30,000 PSIc
B - Tensile = 60,000 PSI | Yield = 35,000 PSI
C - Tensile = 70,000 PSI | Yield = 40,000 PSI
A105
A105 is a standard specification for carbon steel forgings for piping applications used in ambient and higher-temperature service in pressure systems.
| C | Cr | Cu | Mn | Mo | Ni | S | Si | V |
| MAX | MAX | MAX | | MAX | MAX | MAX | | MAX |
| 0.35 | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.60-1.05 | 0.12 | 0.40 | 0.040 | 0.10-0.35 | 0.08 |
Mn may be increased to 1.65 depending on the C content.
Tensile = 70,000 PSI | Yield = 36,000 PSI
A350 LF2 Class 1
A350 is a standard specification for carbon and low-alloy steel forgings, requiring notch toughness testing for piping components. A350 LF2 Class 1 is generally used for carbon steel low temperature applications that do not go below -50° F.
| C | Cr | Cu | Mn | Mo | Ni | P | S | Si | V | Cb |
| MAX | MAX | MAX | | MAX | MAX | MAX | MAX | | MAX | MAX |
| 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.60-1.35 | 0.12 | 0.40 | 0.035 | 0.040 | 0.15-0.30 | 0.08 | 0.02 |
Tensile= 70,000 to 95,000 PSI | Yield = 36,000 PSI
A350 LF3 Class 1
A350 is a standard specification for carbon and low-alloy steel forgings, requiring notch toughness testing for piping components. A350 LF3 Class 1 is generally used for low-alloy steel applications that do not go below -150° F.
| C | Cr | Cu | Mn | Ni | P | S | Si | V | Cb |
| MAX | MAX | MAX | MAX | | MAX | MAX | | MAX | MAX |
| 0.20 | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.90 | 3.3-3.7 | 0.035 | 0.040 | 0.20-0.35 | 0.03 | 0.02 |
Tensile = 70,000 to 95,000 PSI | Yield = 37,500 PSI
A350 LF6 Class 2
A350 is a standard specification for carbon and low-alloy steel forgings, requiring notch toughness testing for piping components. A350 LF6 Class 2 is generally used for low-alloy steel and high yield applications that do not go below -60° F.
| C | Cr | Cu | Mn | Mo | Ni | P | S | Si | V | Cb | N |
| MAX | MAX | MAX | MAX | MAX | MAX | MAX | MAX | | | MAX | |
| 0.22 | 0.30 | 0.40 | 1.15-1.50 | 0.12 | 0.40 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.15-0.30 | 0.04-0.11 | 0.02 | 0.01-0.030 |
Tensile = 75,000 to 100,000 PSI | Yield = 60,000 PSI
AISI 4130
AISI 4130 is a low alloy steel containing molybdenum and chromium as strengthening agents. The alloy can be hardened by heat treatment.
| C | Cr | Fe | Mn | Mo | P | S | Si |
| | | | | | | | |
| 0.28-0.33 | 0.80-1.10 | 97.03-98.22 | 0.40-0.60 | 0.15-0.25 | 0.035 | 0.040 | 0.15-0.30 |
AISI 4140
AISI 4140 alloy steel is chromium, molybdenum, manganese containing low alloy steel. It has high fatigue strength, abrasion and impact resistance, and toughness.
| C | Cr | Fe | Mn | Mo | P | S | Si |
| | | | | | | |
| 0.38-0.43 | 0.80-1.10 | 96.78-97.77 | 0.75-1.00 | 0.15-0.25 | 0.035 | 0.040 | 0.15-0.30 |
Tensile = 95,000 PSI | Yield = 60,200 PSI
6061 Aluminum
6061 aluminum products are very versatile and have a wide range of applications. 6061 aluminum is widely used for all types of fabrication projects where lightweight and corrosion resistance are important.
| Al | Cr | Cu | Fe | Mg | Si | Zn |
| | | MAX | | | MAX |
| balance | 0.04-0.25 | 0.15-0.40 | 0.7 | 0.8-1.20 | 0.40-0.80 | 0.25 |
Tensile = 38,000 PSI | Yield = 35,000 PSI
Chrome Moly
Chrome moly has become a standard in the power generation industry and the petrochemical industry, not only because of its tensile strength, corrosion resistance and high-temperature strength, but also because of its cost-effectiveness. Grades F-11, F-22, F 91 and F 92 are used in the power industry, while F5 and F9 are common in the refining industry.
360 Brass
C360000 (H02) Free machining brass, produced from a combination of copper and zinc, has the highest machinability of all copper alloys, and is the standard against which all the others are compared to. 360 Brass, known for its strength and resistance to corrosion with properties closely resembling that of steel, is one of the most popular copper alloys used today. 360 Brass can be precision machined easily. Although ductile in its softened state, 360 Brass is a strong material to work with and maintains its strength even under some of the most demanding conditions. 360 Brass forms a thin protective "patina", which, unlike steel and iron, will not rust when exposed to the atmosphere. As a high-density material, 360 Brass is ideal for heavy industrial parts. 360 Brass is also valued for its high polished finish.
| Cu | Fe | Pb | Zn |
| MAX | | |
| 60.0-63.0 | 0.35 | 2.5-3.7 | balance |
Tensile = 40,000 PSI | Yield = 15,000 PSI
Copper Nickel 70/30
C715 copper nickel is known for its moderate strength, workability, formability and weldability. The alloy if often referred to as Copper Nickel 70/30 because it is made up of 30% nickel in it's composition. The standard designation for c715 Copper Nickel is ASTM B466 and ASME SB466. Copper nickel alloy 715 finds its greatest application in areas of high temperatures and pressures combined with high velocity and destructive turbulence. The small iron content, up to 0.5%, gives the c715 alloy an extraordinary resistance to general corrosion and stress corrosion cracking, making it very suitable and ideal for the marine or industrial industries.
| Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni |
| | | |
| balance | 0.70 | 1.0 | 30.0 |
Tensile = 45,000 PSI | Yield = 18,000 PSI
Applications
- Salt water piping
- Exchangers
- Power plants
- Condensers
Copper Nickel 90/10
Copper Nickel C706 is also known as Copper Nickel 90/10 because it is made up of 10% nickel or as ASTM B466 and ASME SB466. C706 is known for its moderate strength, weldability, and formability. The inclusion of controlled quantities of iron and manganese also give the 90/10 alloy an extraordinary resistance to general corrosion and stress cracking, as well as to erosion and impingement due to turbulent water containing air bubbles and silt flowing at high velocities.
| Cu | Fe | Mn | Ni |
| | MAX | |
| balance | 1.0-1.8 | 1.0 | 9.0-11.0 |
Tensile = 38,000 PSI | Yield = 15,000 PSI
Applications
- Desalination
- Underwater tubing
- Exchangers
- Marine hardware
Titanium
Titanium is 30% stronger than steel, but is nearly 50% lighter. Titanium is 60% heavier than aluminum, but twice as strong. Titanium has excellent strength retention to 1,000 degrees Fahrenheit. Titanium is alloyed with aluminum, manganese, iron, molybdenum and other metals to increase strength, to withstand high temperatures, and to lighten the resultant alloy. Titanium's high corrosion resistance is also a valuable characteristic; as when exposed to the atmosphere, titanium forms a tight, tenacious oxide film that resists many corrosive materials, particularly salt water.
| C | Fe | H | N | O | Ti |
| MAX | MAX | MAX | MAX | MAX | |
| 0.1 | 0.3 | 0.015 | 0.03 | 0.25 | 99.2 |
Tensile = 50,000 PSI | Yield = 40,000 PSI
Applications
- Aircraft
- Petrochemical
- Energy
- Shipbuilding
FERRALIUM® 255
FERRALIUM® 255 is used widely in the chemical, marine, metallurgical, municipal sanitation, plastics, oil and gas, petrochemical and paper industries. Called "super" because it is more alloyed than ordinary stainless steels and has superior corrosion resistance, FERRALIUM® 255 is being used in areas where conventional stainless' are inadequate. FERRALIUM® 255 is a duplex alloy with a high strength to weight ratio with superior abrasion and cavitation resistance. Resistance to chloride SCC, as well as crevice corrosion and pitting. Good ductility with a high fatigue strength in marine applications.
| C | Cr | Fe | Mn | Mo | Ni | Si |
| | | | | | | |
| 0.04 | 24.0-27.0 | balance | 1.50 | 2.9 - 3.9 | 4.50-6.50 | 1.00 |
Tensile = 110,000 PSI | Yield = 80,000 PSI
